ἀρραβών <Semitic; Classical period>
👉 ἀρραβών [-⏑-], -ῶνος m. – ‘earnest money, deposit, surety, guarantee’ (Cratin. 230; Is. 8.23; Antiph. 121.6; etc.) and ‘gift (as bribe)’ (Plut., Vitae: Galb. 17.3), later written also as ἀραβών (BGU 446.5, 17, 18: 2nd c. CE; etc.).
⚠ Note that Biblical Hebrew ʿērāḇôn was translated as ἀρραβών in LXX: Gen. 38.17, 18 and 20.
🅔 A Semitic loanword – Akkadian erubbātum, erubātu (plur. tant.) ‘pledge, security’, Ugaritic ʕrbn ‘guarantor, surety’, Biblical Hebrew ʿērāḇôn ‘pledge, security’, Imperial Aramaic ʿrbn ‘id.’, Jewish Aramaic ʿārəḇônā, ʿārəḇôn ‘id.’, Syriac ʿərāḇā ‘guarantee, surety’, etc. The Semitic word was also borrowed into Egyptian: Demotic ꜣrb ‘pledge’, Coptic ⲁⲣⲏⲃ (S, B, F, L, M), (ⲉ)ⲣⲏⲃ (S, B, F), ⲗⲏⲃ (F) ‘id.’. Cf. ἄρφα.
📖 Data: CAD: IV, 327; CD: 15; CDA: 80; CDD: s.v. ꜣrb; CDO: s.v. ⲁⲣⲏⲃ; DCH: VI, 553; DJBA: 880; DJPA: 418; DNWSI: 886; DUL: 179; HALOT: 881; KH: 11; SL: 1134; cf. DG: 7. Ref.: GEW: I, 151; Lewy 1895: 120; É. Masson 1967: 30f.; M. Masson 1987: 61f.; Mayer 1960: 326; Rosół 2013: 23f.; San Nicolò 1932: 34-38; cf. DELG: 115; EDG: 139f.